Morphology is the study of external structure of plants. Early biology was observation-based (Natural History). Later, focus shifted to physiology.
Morphology helps in identification and classification of plants. Proper terminology is essential.
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Tap root | From radicle, seen in dicots |
| Fibrous | From base of stem, monocots |
| Adventitious | From other plant parts |
Regions: Root cap, Meristematic, Elongation, Maturation
Functions: Absorption, Anchorage, Storage, Hormone synthesis 🔥
Develops from plumule. Has nodes, internodes, and buds.
Functions include conduction, support, storage, and vegetative propagation.
Leaf is lateral and flattened, arising from shoot apex.
| Feature | Type |
|---|---|
| Venation | Reticulate (dicot), Parallel (monocot) |
| Type | Simple / Compound |
Special: Pulvinus (legumes) 🔥
Flower is a modified shoot and reproductive unit.
Whorls: Calyx, Corolla, Androecium, Gynoecium
Symmetry: Actinomorphic / Zygomorphic
Ovary: Superior / Inferior
Aestivation: Valvate, Twisted, Imbricate, Vexillary 🔥
Fruit is mature ovary.
Parthenocarpy: Fruit without fertilisation 🔥
Dicot: 2 cotyledons Monocot: Scutellum, aleurone layer
Most important placentation?
Anther is?
A: Pulvinus in legumes
R: Helps movement